Role of Training and Development in Employee Empowerment

Role of Training and Development in Employee Empowerment Research Objective The main objective of my dissertation is to analyse how training and empowerment assist organization in the hospitality industry in general and the Hilton Group in particular gain the much needed strategic advantage over their competitors and help them gain and sustain market share in the long run. The dissertation will also demonstrate the various actions that are may be initiated by organizations in the hospitality industry to achieve higher levels of empowerment within its workforce without compromising on its internal controls. Research Questions What is the role of training and development in employee empowerment at the Hilton Hotels? Why is empowerment necessary in the running of Hotels, with particular reference to the Hilton Hotel Chain? What strategies or policies are pursued by organizations to enable them improve the level of skills and knowledge of their employees to meet emerging challenges? The dissertation will also attempt to answer the following questions: Does active implementation of training and learning policies lead to the empowerment of employees? What is the meaning of empowerment of employees within an organizations setting? What are the likely benefits of empowered workforce to the organization? Even though a lot of research may have been done in related or similar topics, this dissertation will objectively examine the findings of other researchers on similar topics, critique their findings and arguments and build a neutral position that may stand the test of thorough independent analysis and that is in line with the current theories of HRM and management in general. The Context(s): The hospitality industry in the UK has often been faced with many challenges which on one hand, prompted employees to be more responsive to the challenges they face and on the other hand, challenged industry players to remain competitive in the wake of aggressive competition from competitors. This industry, in particular, benefits and integrates their employees and other human resources (providing the industrys services) with the structural and integral part of the organizational strategy as a strategic partner. This allows companies such as the Hilton plc. to invest in people, train them in order to prosper and survive within the competitive environment. Other challenges for this industry include the ever changing demands of consumers tastes and preferences, rising demand for extra services, thus hard to accommodate. Additionally these customers preferences has made it practically unviable to continue with the old ways of doing business as it present many obvious risks of losing clients to more dynamic competitors. Thus training and empowering employees will help reduce these risks in some way or another. The Hilton Group Plc. is made up of some 500 hotels located in some 50 countries across all regions of the world (DAnnunzio-Green, Maxwell Watson, 2004). The Hotel presently employs over 60,000 employees in its worldwide operation and has a management structure divided in to the key regions of its operations, with each region headed by a president, all answerable to the board of directors (DAnnunzio-Green, et al, 2004). The terms training, education, development and learning may appear synonymous and be used interchangeably in other applications, but from HRD point of view, they are different but also mutually inclusive (Buckley Caple, 2007). Whitener (2003) in her paper titled Impact of Human Resource Activities on Employee Trust emphasizes the role of training in providing more knowledge and skills to employees to enable them perform their respective jobs better. Thus the primary role of training according to whitener is the enhancement of skills, while it may also serve the purpose of motivating the employees if offered in recognition for exemplary performance (Whitener, 1997) The aim of the training program would be to enable the organization gain sustainable strategic advantage that would not be easily replicated among competitors (Porter, 1985 as cited in Clardy, 2008). To be earmarked for enhancement through training and development would be the skills that add value to the organization commonly referred to as core competencies (Clardy, 2008). In this dissertation I will also show how training and empowerment are related. In the Barret and OConnel article of 1999, found in the journal of The Institute of Study of Labour, the authors assert that despite the challenges so far faced, training has gained prominence in the recent past as a key tool for empowerment for improvement in productivity and operational efficiency (Barret OConnell, 1999). According to Barret OConnell, (1999), there are two forms of training; general and specific training. General training is that form of training which boost productivity in the firm where it was provided and all firms, while specific training only raises productivity in the firm where it was provided. Organizations thus would seem to favour specific training and would readily pay for it for it since it is likely to give them a competitive advantage in their business (Barret OConnell, 1999). Since the main focus of the dissertation is empowerment of employees through training and development of a learning culture, it would be important to address the theoretical background information relating to the research topic. Case in point is training and learning, which must be properly understood in order to authoritatively argue about its role in empowerment of employees. According to Buckley Caple, (2007), training refers to imparting new skills or reinforcing previously known skills and knowledge on employees for a positive change in behaviour that would change the way they work and behave. This will also be illustrated in literature review as I intend to show why Buckley thinks that training is a relevant activity that need to be pursued by all organizations in order to achieve their long term mission and objectives. Research design (including methods) or critical approach: Research Methodology: In order to achieve the main objectives of the study, it would be inevitable to collect and analyse data and other information so as to enable arriving at a conclusion. One method that would be used would involve the collection of information and data from secondary sources such as the library, internet sources, journals, newspaper articles to collect as much information as possible relevant to the research topic. This would also involve using available data from credible sources such as hotel industry regulated websites, journals and magazines or from previous peer reviewed and published works by other researchers and comparing the information there on to establish a common pattern that would guide the discussion and the conclusion of the research questions. For this particular dissertation, the bulk of the information and data will be obtained from peer reviewed and published research articles in similar research subjects. The main reasons for adopting this methodology are that it is generally simple to undertake and does not require a lot of time and resources to undertake. This is because the research does not involve field based data collection which is often more time consuming and expensive. This makes the approach ideal in situations where there is limited time and researches to undertake the research, which is indeed applicable to this dissertation. Further the data and information collected would be generally accurate since it would be based on published peer reviewed researches and other papers on the same topic which have stood the test of rigorous scrutiny by HR professionals and other management researchers over the years and found to be authentic. The books and other materials that may be used would generally also bear accurate information and would provide useful insights in to the theoretical background of the research subject. Research Strategies In order to effectively carry out the research assignment, it would be important to identify the appropriate research strategies that would be acceptable and help in answering the research questions conclusively. This dissertation would use both deductive and inductive research strategies to achieve this aim. Norman Blaikie in his book titled, Designing Social Research published in 2009 define inductive research strategies as those strategies that help in answering the what research questions and are generally explorative and descriptive in nature (Blaikie, 2009). Deductive strategies would also be used in order to address the why research questions that form part of the dissertation. Blaikie (2009) also describes deductive strategies as those research strategies that assist in answering the why questions and are most suitable for pursuing the purpose of explanations Ethical issues: There should not be any ethical issue related to my research. Special resources required: No special resources will be required for my dissertation.

Historical Example of Supply and Demand

The Great Depression happened because the stock market in the United States dropped dramatically. A major factor in bringing about the depression was a direct result of supply and demand. Supply and demand rely on each other and should be equal in a stable economy. Too much supply demand drops, demand goes up supply should go up to meet it. There was a large overage of products that the U. S. people could not consume. The overage happened because a technological advance changed how they produced goods. They were able to produce products more efficiently, however they did not increase employees wages. Therefore, people could not afford to buy the amounts of products that were being produced. This was a direct result. There was no equilibrium. When there was an overage of products there were less demands for laborers because they could not even sell the products that they had let alone produce more. The employers could have increased the employees wages to help the situation. This would not have completely fixed the problem. The industries would be forced by the law of supply and demand to drop their level of output to compensate in their loss of overall profit. Now there was less work, overage of products, and a failing economy. The Great Depression came to an end when the U. S. started making war goods for Britain. This created many jobs for U. S. citizens. This allowed people to earn money and begin spending again. President Roosevelt also had an impact on the recovery of the Great Depression. He made new policies, and changed how things in the economy went. He created different agencies to help with the situation. This in turn helped to create more jobs as well. The demand eventually caught up with the supply due to the labor market increase.

French Possessive Adjectives Quiz

“the Wild Honeysuckle” - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 724 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Level High school Did you like this example? Philip Freneau was one of the most well known authors in the history of early American Literature. Freneau focuses on the many social problems that concern him such as the beauty of nature and the uniqueness of it. Philip Freneau utilizes a language full of imagery. The analysis of â€Å"The Wild Honeysuckle† should convey and uncovers the significance of inclusion of nature. In order to comprehend Freneau poem, â€Å"The Wild Honeysuckle† we should look at the defining features of the flower. The species have sweetly scented bell shaped flowers that produce a sugary edible nectar. The fruit on the sweet honeysuckle consists of berries and they can be in various colors such as red, blue or black. The berries comprise of several seeds and the berries can be slightly poisonous or edible. This flower grows wildly in isolated areas of land such as forests, swaps or hills. These key terms: sweet, fragrant, delicate and veiled are the essence of this particular poe m. Philip Freneau conveys the character of the honeysuckle. In lines one through four Freneau describes the flower and address’s it. The first stanza is composed in cross rhymes. Fair flower, that dost so comely grow, Hid in this silent dull retreat, Untouched thy honeyed blossoms blow, Unseen thy little branches greet: No roving foot shall crush thee here, No busy hand provoke a tear. † (Freneau 1-6) He explains that the honeysuckle is beautiful but is veiled to the world. Furthermore, Freneau personifies the flower. He talks to the flower as if it clearly were a person. He expresses that the â€Å"little branches greet† (line 4) and hopes that there will be â€Å"tear†. (line 6) He is expressing that nature is alike with the wilderness and seclusion of the land. It is almost expressing that the flower doesn’t exist because of its concealed identity and humans are leaving the flowers hidden and secluded . However, The â€Å"roving foot† a nd the â€Å"busy hand† (line5) are metaphors of the devastation of nature by mankind. In the second stanza, Freneau tries to convey the beautiful honeysuckle young and sweet while age is setting in quickly. â€Å"By Nature’s self in white arrayed, She bade thee shun the vulgar eye, And planted here the guardian shade, And sent soft waters murmuring by; Thus quietly thy summer goes, Thy days declining to repose. † (Freneau 7-12) In lines 7-9, it shows that the honeysuckle is protected and secluded but no matter how many actions you take, nature will take its course. Summer is proceeding and unfortunately you can not stop time thus the days are coming near to the end explains Freneau in lines 11-12 of the poem. The third stanza of the poem â€Å"The Wild Honeysuckle† says, â€Å"Smit with those charms, that must decay, I grieve to see your future doom; They died-nor were those flowers more gay, The flowers that did in Eden bloom; Unpitying frosts, and Autumn’s power Shall leave no vestige of this flower. (Freneau 13-18) Freneau really gets upset in this third stanza because he does not want the honeysuckle to follow the rules of nature. He is disappointed that the flower can not defeat death and will be caught by the frost of the autumn weather. These lines show that the flower is not hidden or alone anymore. Freneau includes foreshadowing of the approaching decay. In lines 19-24, the wild honeysuckle passes on and does not leave a trace as if it never lived. The last two lines show the fate of that flower. â€Å"From morning suns and evening dews At first thy little being came: If nothing once, you nothing lose, For when you die you are the same; The space between, is but an hour, The frail duration of a flower. † (Freneau 19-24) He is conveying that death means nothing indirectly and you can not get in the way of nature decaying. Life is short and it is actually frail just like the flower. Nature is used as a metaphor for life. In conclusion, Freneau uses nature and its beauty to emphasis his understandings. He tells us that our lives are also frail just as the wild honeysuckle. Cherish it while it lasts for by the change of each season it may dissipate only to become a desire. Therefore, you need to live every moment to the fullest without any regrets. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "â€Å"the Wild Honeysuckle†" essay for you Create order

The Sociological Understanding Of Consumer Behaviour

Introduction Consumption is a universal process that we all take part in, regardless of class, status or gender. Understanding how consumption is made possible is a key sociological question. The concept and foundation of consumption can often simply be understood as an individual consumers’ buying behaviour process (Foxall, 1983). Limiting the concept of consumption to this finite understanding only hinders the plethora of symbolism and layers of meaning that can be analysed in contemporary consumer behaviour. Throughout this essay, I will analytically assess how consumption is made possible by focusing on the sociological understanding of consumer behaviour. I will do this by analysing three key areas. Firstly, I will discuss how products can hold a symbolic values that will allows consumers to create and sustain their self-identities. Secondly marketers will be shown to use this symbolism by employing emotional work and playing on brand identity in order to shape consumer behaviour. Finally, I will culminate the assessment by asserting how a consumers’ social and cultural consumption behaviour can be affected by ing behaviour. I will conclude by sustaining the argument that understanding consumption from a sociological perspective is significant as it provides a deeper understanding of contemporary consumer behaviour. The idea of symbolic consumption In understanding how products hold a symbolic value Mach (1993) asserts how the construction of aShow MoreRelatedConsumer behaviour theory is all fine and well, but has nothing to tell us about how consumers act in real life1037 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬ËœConsumer behaviour theory is all fine and well, but has nothing to tell us about how consumers act in real life’ In the current state of understanding consumer behaviour attitudes are core concept in gaining knowledge of people’s personalities, behaviour and choices they make. 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In the essay I will discuss the notion of deviance and will demonstrate that people do not become deviants on the strength of their behaviour alone, but by the sanctions of a society whose norms that the offender has deemed to have violated. I will examine approaches to deviance through biological, psychological and sociological methodologies and while the examination of theRead MoreEffect of Brand Image on Consumer Purchasing Behaviour on Clothing:1579 Words   |  7 PagesAlvarez, B. A Casielles, R. V. (2005). Consumer evaluations of sales promotion: The effect on brand choice. European Journal of Marketing , 39 (1), 54-70. Arnould, E., Price, L. Zinkhan, G. (2004). Consumers. New York: McGraw-Hill. Assael, H. Keon, J. (1982). Nonsampling vs sampling errors in survey research. Journal of Marketing, 46 (2), 114-123. Atilgan, E., Aksoy, S. Akinci, S. (2005). Determinants of the brand equity: A vertification approach in the beverage industry in Turkey

Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors in Fast Food Industry Free Essays

6. The common sense of principle that defines the generally observed relationship between demand, supply, and prices: as increases the price goes up, which attracts new suppliers who increase in supply bringing the price back tom normal. However, in the marketing of high price (prestige) goods, such as perfumes, jewellery, watches, Cars, Liquor, a low price may be associated with low quality, and may reduce demand. We will write a custom essay sample on Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors in Fast Food Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Demand is how much desire consumer have for de product or service is available . When demand is great and supply is low the price of a product or service increase when demand is low and supply is great . The price of a product or service decreases. The effect on price is the quantification of supply and demand. Demand in many instances is driven by disposable income and free time. Henry ford recognized this in increasing the wages of his workers and decreasing their work time. 8. Relationship between risk and return The relationship between risk and return is a fundamental financial relationship that affects expected rates of return on every existing asset investment. The Risk-Return relationship is characterized as being a â€Å"positive† or â€Å"direct† relationship meaning that if there are expectations of higher levels of risk associated with a particular investment then greater returns are required as compensation for that higher expected risk. Alternatively, if an investment has relatively lower levels of expected risk then investors are satisfied with relatively lower returns. This risk-return relationship holds for individual investors and business managers. Greater degrees of risk must be compensated for with greater returns on investment. Since investment returns reflects the degree of risk involved with the investment, investors need to be able to determine how much of a return is appropriate for a given level of risk. This process is referred to as â€Å"pricing the risk†. In order to price the risk, we must first be able to measure the risk (or quantify the risk) and then we must be able to decide an appropriate price for the risk we are being asked to bear. How to cite Risk of Entry by Potential Competitors in Fast Food Industry, Essays

Hotel Reformation Procedure for Maintenance- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHotel Reformation Procedure for Maintenance. Answer: Introduction:- The variability of distribution of electronic media channels led to the new challenge of ownership of customer. Travellers have the option of search and book the hotel and boarding in social and electronic media (Murphy et al., 1996) now days. Customer satisfaction scale is crucial for sophisticated and extensive customer loyalty in the typically maintained hotel chains. Future success in the hotel sector would depend on the ownership, maintenance and improvement of customer associations through online direct channel. The Protea Hotel is popular Hotel in the perspective of Africa. The Hotel is losing its priority and expectancy day by day. Marriott Lusaka appoints me as new general manager of Protea Hotel. Now, I am trying to nullify the problems and adversities related to improvement of Protea Hotel. The strategic management of stressed hotel required to drive customers towards attractive opportunities (Jayawardena, 2000). Distribution of budget management of hotel implies having access to the proper systems, expertise, service budget and increasingly data management. The yield management is going to be my major concerning field of experiment. Historical Research and Target to Resolve of Problem:- As a new general manager of Protea hotel, I would check the register books of booking and servicing as well as evaluation output from the customers tabulated in the time period of last manager of hotel. I found many low-star ratings due to poor services. Major reasons are the technical and mechanical issues, unavailability of time-to-time services from the taxes, payment complexity and security problems. I would like to resolve the problem by strict reformation driven by data analysis. The sample survey in the face-to-face interview process in the target population (pilot survey) would help to take responses from the interviewees (Gil, Jimnez and Lorente, 2001). The responses would help to generate quantitative and qualitative variables and after analysing the data, decisions for reformation of hotel are made. Aim of Reform by Observation:- The aim of hotel management is mainly to improve the brand value of Protea hotel. It could be incorporated by aiming several issues. Formation guidance and coordination of different types of studies, knowledge and graduate studies is needed in the field of Food Management, Hotel Management, Catering skills and crafts. To raise the standards, growth, efficiency and overview of the hotel in public and online portals (Chung and Law, 2003). To gather, diffuse and disseminate statistical and commercial information, hampering the industry and travel agencies to take appropriate measure. To acquire, take-over and apply for the purposes and objects of the association of hotel management. To increase the safety of guests of the hotel. To obtain the maximum possible return on investment. To maximize the availability and reliability of all the assets and to extend the useful life of assets. To increase the operational efficiency of facilities and enhance the customer satisfaction. To ensure operational readiness of all mechanisms and equipments such as WiFi, lift, breakfast availability and luxury orientation such as TV, AC are required for emergency use all times. To save energy expenditure in terms of electric bill is necessary. Methods of Reform:- Hotel managers are responsible for managing employees and for policy making, planning, marketing, coordinating and administering hotel services such as catering and accommodation facilities (Worsfold, 1989). He or she maintains statistical and financial records as well as recruiting, training and monitoring staffs. Besides, manager has a valid role in meeting and greeting customer, dealing with customer complaints and comments, supervising maintenance, supplies, renovations and furnishings. The previous manager of Protea hotel was unable to deals with contractors and suppliers in a handy manner. Manager was not able to sort out the compliance with licensing laws, health, safety and other statutory regulations. Besides, he or she was not able to set and achieve sales and profit targets appropriately. Managers lack of performance made the popularity of hotel downfall. After joining the new hotel, I would like to collect the responses from customers, employees and staffs according to the questionnaire that I prepared for enhancement of the hotel. I skilfully would analyse the data and test the significant factors regarding hotel management strategies. I will take measures to improve the significant factors. Managing budgets and financial plans as well as controlling expenditure is essential for improvement of hotel. My focus would be towards regular inspection of property and services. After analysing sales figures and devising marketing and revenue management strategies, I would promote and market the business. Appropriate planning of work schedules for individuals and teams of hotel employees is beneficial for smooth run of events and conferences. Data Collection Process:- For gathering data, I am going to make a questionnaire and a small group of hotel staffs of strength 2 or 3. They would tabulate the responses delivered by customers, hotel employees and management authority. In the interview process, the data should be collected. Opinions of interviewees are perceived in the Likart scale where qualitative data responses about possible decision taking about reformation of the hotel are labelled from 1 to 5. It is the first interview part. The second part of the questionnaire process, the aim is to gain data about the demographic background of the respondents. The questions regarding customer service could be the determining factors behind reformation of Protea Hotel. The questions should be close-ended as much as possible. What is your commitment level with the service of hotel? What is your career prospect with the hotel? What is your economic social status? Are you happy with hotel service? Is the service provided by Protea hotel affordable? Is the commitment fulfilled in the hotel service? Is the technical and machinery facility good at hotel? Assumed Hypothesis:- Some hypotheses are established and would be tested in the study. H0: There is an association between customer satisfaction level and customer loyalty (Nasution and Mavondo, 2008). H0: There is no positive relationship between number of hotel staffs and hotel service quality. H0: There is no significant decision between stakeholders intervention and legal procedures of maintaining a reputed hotel. H0: There is a significant relation between social status of the customers and frequency of their yearly accommodation in the hotel. H0: There is a positive association between energy consumption and machinery-technical management in the hotel? Data Analysis:- The present study is a descriptive study designed to test some working hypothesis. Therefore, for analysis, ANOVA, Post Hoc test, coefficient of correlation, two independent sample tests (t-test) and multiple regressions were applied to the respective objectives (Johns, Howcroft and Drake, 1997). Frequencies and percentages were used to display the distribution of responses delivered by interviewee. Responses for closed-ended questions were reported by frequency and percentage. We could show the descriptive statistics of research objectives. ANOVAs were applied to detect the relationships and significant differences within the sample study. Additionally, pair wise comparisons were performed. We applied SPSS and MS Excel for results in the form of tables and graphs. Advantages of the Method:- Total responses of 140 interviewees were collected among which we have taken into amount of 115 complete responses. The rate of survey is as per expected. Work experience was deemed crucial by all recruiters, especially when the closely aligned with the companys hotel management segment. The interview guide helps to establish a behavioural guideline to the respondents. Interview method involves appearance, attitude and personality to focus their responses. Lodging representatives in the areas of communications, customer service and general operations knowledge are totally revealed in the interview process (Hwang and Chang, 2003). The issues related to staffs dissatisfaction is related to low compensation, lack of promotion and poor work conditions. We can sort out the factors regarding dissatisfaction by face-to-face interview method. The conclusions extracted from collected data in interview-process support customers and entry-level employees, promoting a positive first impression a nd overall successful experience. Conclusion The present study is conducted to determine the work development of Protea hotel driven by managerial aspect. Perception of hotel industry influences its renowned tag. The staffs professional attachment with the customers approves the clean chit of bad service. Appropriateness, content validity and software clarity suggested the success pilot testing by sample survey techniques. The analysed data and tested hypotheses interpret the significant factors regarding improvement of hotel. As a general manager, I should focus on these facts and take necessary measures of reformation. The descriptive statistics of time series data of hotel booking and services as registered in previous managers management period would help to pick up the lack of services and eliminate them. The optimization of profit and hotel revenue would make my strategy and planning fruitful. References Chung, T., Law, R. (2003). Developing a performance indicator for hotel websites.International journal of hospitality management,22(1), 119-125. Gil, M. A., Jimnez, J. B., Lorente, J. C. (2001). An analysis of environmental management, organizational context and performance of Spanish hotels.Omega,29(6), 457-471. Hwang, S. N., Chang, T. Y. (2003). Using data envelopment analysis to measure hotel managerial efficiency change in Taiwan.Tourism management,24(4), 357-369. Jayawardena, C. (2000). International hotel manager.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,12(1), 67-70. Johns, N., Howcroft, B., Drake, L. (1997). The use of data envelopment analysis to monitor hotel productivity.Progress in tourism and hospitality research,3(2), 119-127. Murphy, J., Forrest, E. J., Wotring, C. E., Brymer, R. A. (1996). Hotel management and marketing on the Internet: An analysis of sites and features.Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly,37(3), 70-82. Nasution, H. N., Mavondo, F. T. (2008). Customer value in the hotel industry: What managers believe they deliver and what customer experience.International Journal of Hospitality Management,27(2), 204-213. Worsfold, P. (1989). A personality profile of the hotel manager.International Journal of Hospitality Management,8(1), 51-62.